Athanasius of Alexandria

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4th CenturyAlexandriaearly

Defender of the Nicene faith; opposed Arianism; wrote On the Incarnation.

Theological Positions

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Limbo exists for unbaptized infants.

Afterlife / neutral

Prayers for the dead can help them.

Afterlife / agree

Soul sleep occurs between death and resurrection.

Afterlife / disagree

The intermediate state is conscious.

Afterlife / agree

There are degrees of reward in heaven.

Afterlife / agree

Angels are real spiritual beings.

Angels & Demons / stronglyAgree

Christians can be demon-possessed.

Angels & Demons / disagree

Demons can possess people today.

Angels & Demons / stronglyAgree

Satan is a real, personal being. Not just a symbol of evil or force.

Angels & Demons / stronglyAgree

The biblical Exodus involved approximately 2 million Israelites.

Archaeology & History / agree

Writings

Against the Arians

Series of theological orations refuting Arian claims and defending the Son’s consubstantiality with the Father as affirmed at Nicaea.

Source: Against the Arians

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Apology to Constantius

Defense addressed to Emperor Constantius II during Athanasius’ exile, recounting events and affirming his orthodoxy.

Source: Apology to Constantius

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Festal Letters

Annual Easter letters announcing the Paschal date and offering pastoral exhortation on doctrine and Christian living.

Source: Festal Letters

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Letter to Marcellinus on the Psalms

Instructional letter on the spiritual value of the Psalms and guidance for praying and singing them.

Source: Letter to Marcellinus on the Psalms

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Letters to Serapion

Four letters to Bishop Serapion articulating the divinity and personhood of the Holy Spirit against semi-Arian views.

Source: Letters to Serapion

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Life of Antony

Hagiographic biography of the desert monk Antony portraying his ascetic life and spiritual warfare as a model of Christian virtue.

Source: Life of Antony

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On the Incarnation

Treatise defending the doctrine of the Word’s incarnation; explains why the Son became man and how Christ’s death and resurrection restore humanity.

Source: On the Incarnation

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